Nail-sealing roofing unit



May 4 1926.

' J.. H. MUNRO NAIL SEALING RooFING UNIT Filed Feb: '7, 19.24

Patented May 4, 1926.

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JAMES H. MUNRO, PEN ARGYL, PENNSYLVANIA.

NAIL-SEALING ROOFING UNIT.

Application led February 7, 1924. Serial No. 691,263.

To all whom, t may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES H. MUNRo, a citizen of the United States,residing at Pen Argyl, in the county of Northampton and State `oiPennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inNailing sheet coated with yieldable Sealing Roofing Units; and I dodeclare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of theinvention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which itappertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to roofing units employing one or more shingles,and has reference more particularly to such units in which fragilematerial, such as slate, is used in constructing the shingle orshingles. When nails are driven through shingles of this fragile nature,they are prone to fracture theshingles, and to overcome this diiculty,nail holes have been formed through the shingles, through which to drivethe attaching nails. W'hen this is done however, as the nail headscannot be driven into water-tight contact with the shingles withoutinjuring the latter, there is danger of water leakage around the nails.It is the principal object of my invention however to provide ayieldable adhesive material exposed at the nail holes, throu h which thenails must be driven, therey forming a water-tight seal around saidnails.V

A further object is to utilize as the nailsealing means, portions ofadhesive layers of asphalt or the like, which secure the shingles tobacking sheets. I Y A. still further aim is to provide an effective'process for the production of the im-` proved rooing unit.

With the foregoing in view, the invention resides in the novel subjectmatter herein-v after described and claimed,the' description beingsupplemented by the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 is an elevation showing a backadhesive material, which coatingconstitutes a step in carrying out one form of the process ofmanufacture.

Figure 2 is an edge view of the coated backing sheet shown in Fig. 1.

Figure 3 is a plan view of the shingle with nail holes formed therein,preparatory to mounting said shingle upon the coated backing-sheet shownin Fig. 1. Y

Figure 4 is an elevation showing the shingle mounted on the backingsheet.

Figure 5 is a sectional view on line 5 5 of Fig. 4, illustrating themanner in which a portion of the adhesive coating enters the nail holesof the shingle.

Figure 6 is a sectional view of a portion of the complete roofing unit,illustrating more clearly the manner in which the attaching nails arewater-sealedwhen they are driventhrough the nail holes and the sealingmeans associated therewith. y i

Figure 7 is a detail sectional view showing a slightly different form ofconstruction.

Figure 8v is a sectional view similar to Fig. 5, but showing a stillfurther form of construction.

Figure 9 is a detail elevation 'of a part of the device of Fig. 8.

In constructing the form of shingle shown in Figures 1 to 6, a ieXiblebacking sheet l of felt or any other desired material, is coated on oneside with asphalt or any other desired yieldable, adhesive material, thecoating being preferably extended over the area of the sheet as shown inFigs. 1 and 2. As

-an advantageous manner of manufacture, a

long strip of the backing material is preferably coated at al singleoperation and this strip is then cut upl into pieces of desired size.Simultaneously with the coating operation, by the'use of a suitableshaper (not shown), I prefer to tion 3 as an integral part of thecoating 2. This ridge performs a useful function hereinafter set forthfully.

I have illustrated only one' shingle 4 for application t-o the lowerportion of the coated backing sheet, but I wish it understood at thispoint that if desired, a plurality of such shingles could be applied toa singlesheet. The shingle 4 may be considered as formed of slate or anyother 'desired material which would have a tendency to fracture if anail were driven directly therethrough. Through the upper edge portionof this shingle, I form a suitable number of nail holes 5 which are bypreference somewhat larger than the nails to be driven through them.TheA shingle, with its pre-formedV nail holes 5, is applied to thecoating of the backing sheet 1, in such a position that the ridge 3 isat the openings. In bringing the coating and shingle into contact,sufficient pressure is exerted to cause material from the rib 3 to bedisplaced, causing it to enter the nail holes 5, thereby providingyieldable, adheform a ridge or projecsive sealing nipples 6 throughwhich the valtogether essential, although it is desirable.

In this connection, attention is directed to Fig. 7.

' In the figure last referred to, a backingsheet 1a is used, providedwith a yieldable, adhesive coating 2a which is not initially formed witha rib or projection such as that above described. When -the shingle Lais applied however, the coating 2a extends across the opening 5'r1 andmay slightly enter this opening as indicated at 6a. l/Vhen a nail isdriven through the opening 5a, the coating 2a and the backing la, someof said coating is of course displaced and it oozes up into the openingaround the nail, thereby tightly forming the desired seal.

In Figs. 8 and 9, I have shown a flexible backing sheet lb having acoating 2b of yieldable, adhesive material, such as asphalt. To thefront or upper portion of this coating 2", a shingle 4" of slate or thelike, is applied, said shingle having nail holes 5b through whichportions of the layer 2b are forced to form nail-sealing projections 6bwhich ill the holes 5b and protrude beyond the shingle 4b, theprotruding portions of these projec` tions being flattened upon theupper or outer surface of the shingle as indicated at 7, pro#A vidingcushions against which the nail heads lare driven, so that there is nodanger of said heads fracturing the texture of the slate. The, layer 7.also assists in providing a tight nail seal. 'In order to have asufficient surplus of material to force through and be,- lyond theopening 5", the layer 2b may be initially formed with a projectingportion such as 3 of Figs. l and 2.

It is of course understood that during the manufacture of the device,the coating 2 is somewhat fluid, as it is usually heated when it 1sbeing applied. Thus, it effectively binds the shingles to their backingsbut later loses its 'fluid nature, but retains yieldable and adhesivequalities toperform the desired functions. Any of the well knownmaterials commonly used for similar purposes,such as asphalt, may wellbe used.

As excellent results may be obtained from the subject matter disclosed,the articles and processes herein described may well be followed, butwithin thescopev of the invention as claimed, numerous changes may bemade.

I claim:

1. A shingle having" a nail hole larger on the lower side of saidshingle, said layer having an integral protruding portion within saidnail hole through which to drive the nail, said material serving to forma seal around the nail to prevent entrance of water.

2. A shingle having a nail hole larger than the nail to be driventherethrough, a backing sheet under said shingle, and a layer ofyieldable adhesive material between and securing'said shingle and sheettogether, said layer lia-ving an integral protruding portion within saidnail hole, whereby the nail will be water sealed when driven.

3. A structure as specified in claim l; said protruding portion of saidlayer projecting above the upper side of the shingle and being flattenedupon the latter to cushion the blow when the nail head is driven tightlydown a-nd to further seal the nail.

4. A structure as specified in claim 2; said ing flattened upon thelatter to cushion the blow when the nail head is driven tightly down andto further seal the nail.

5. The process of forming a roofing unit consisting in effecting contactof a yieldable adhesive layer with a shingle having a nail hole, andpressing the two together to cause a. portion of said layer to enter.the nail hole.

6. The process of forming a roofing unit, consisting in coating abacking sheet with a yieldable adhesive, and effecting Contact of saidcoating under pressure with4 a shingle having a nail hole causing aportion of the -coating to enter the hole.

7. The process of forming a roofing unit, consisting in forming ayieldable adhesive layer with a projection at one side, and effecting'contact of said layer vunder pressure with a shingle having a nail holewhile said projection is at said nail hole, causing naterial Vfrom saidprojection to enter said iole. r Y 8. .The process of forming a roofingunit, consisting in coating a backing sheet with a yieldable adhesiveand formin the outer side of the coating with a projection, andeffecting contact of said coating under pressure with a shingle having anail hole while said projection is at said nail hole, causing materialfrom the projection to enter said hole.

9. The process of forming a roofing unit f consisting in effectingcontact of a yieldable adhesive layer with a shingle having a nail hole,pressing the two together to cause' a portion of the yieldable adhesivematerial to project entirely through and beyond the nail liole, andflattening the protruding portion of the projection upon the shingle.

In testimony whereof I have hereun/to aflixed my signature. l

JAMES H. MU N RO.

